Anatomy-Physiology

Part A: Matching

Match the descriptions in Column A with the correct terms in Column B. Terms in column B may be used 1 time only; not all terms will be used. Format your work by making a numbered list with the letter for the correct answer next to each number (see example below). Do NOT submit descriptions from column A or terms from column B.

FORMAT EXAMPLE:

1. A
2. B

Etc.

Part B: Fill-in-the-Blank Statements

• Fill in the blanks in the statements below. Statements relate to the heart and vessels in health and disease. Topics for each set of statements have been provided.
• Use Ch. 11 of the textbook and at least 1 reliable website to find answers to fill-in-the-blanks.
• Note that key words in each statement have been highlighted in bold.
• Answers must be specific. Note that the number of words required for each answer is indicated by the number of blanks provided. Example: for the statement “Arteries contain _______ ______ tissue which regulates blood flow through them.” The answer is “smooth muscle”, not “muscle”.
• Do not abbreviate any answers. Abbreviations will not receive credit.
• Answers must be spelled correctly to receive credit.
• Each answer is worth 1 point. The total number of points possible is 20 points. Thus, it is possible to earn 5 extra credit pointson this part.
• Format your work as follows: list the item numbers in order and place the correct answer beside each number. Please do NOT submit the statements.

FORMAT EXAMPLE:

1. answer
2. answer

Etc.

Fill-in-the-blank Statements

TOPIC:

Myocardial infarction

1. Heart disease is the most common cause of death in the U.S. In certain people, plaques of cholesterol, fat, and calcium accumulate within the walls of their arteries– this is a disease called _____ Atherosclerosis __________.
2. When plaque accumulates in a coronary artery, blood flow to the myocardium, which is made of _____ Muscle ____ __Tissue_______ tissue, is reduced or completely blocked.
3. When blood flow to this tissue stops, cells experience hypoxia, which means cells are not receiving enough ____Oxygen____. Cells will die if blood flow is not restored.

TOPIC:

Blood pressure

4. Arterial blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the internal walls of arteries. Blood pressure measurement consists of two numbers; for example, blood pressure in a healthy adult is written as 120/80. The first number iscalled ____Systolic______pressure – it is the force of blood against artery walls when the ventricles are contracting and ejecting blood.
5. The second numberis called ____Diastolic______ pressure– it is the force of blood against artery walls when the ventricles are relaxed.
6. Sally is a patient who has been to her physician several times recently to have her blood pressure checked. When Sally is resting, her blood pressure is 140/100 mm Hg. Sally’s physician diagnosed her with _____Hypertension______, also known as high blood pressure (HBP).
7. About 1 in 3 adults in the United States has HBP. A person can have this disease for years without experiencing any signs or symptoms, thus HBP is often called the “____Silent_______” killer.

TOPIC:

Heart valves

8. Blood flows through the heart in one direction due to the presence of valves. The 2 atrioventricular (AV) valves close when the ventricles contract, thus preventing backflow of blood from the ventricles into the atria. The right AV valveis also known as the _____Tricuspid________ valve.
9. The left AV valveis also known as the _____Bicuspid_____ or mitral valve.
10. 10. The 2 semilunarvalves close when the ventricles relax. The right semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood from the ____ Pulmonary ______ ____ Trunk_____ (vessel) into the right ventricle.
11. 11. The left semilunar valve prevents backflow of blood from the __ Aorta______ (vessel) into the left ventricle.
12. 12. If a heart valve becomes diseased and fails to close completely, backflow of blood through the faulty valve causes a swishing soundcalled a _____ Murmur_____ , which can be heard with a stethoscope.

TOPIC:

Conduction system of the heart

4. 13. The conduction system of the heart consists of several structures in the heart which generate and conduct electrical impulses to cardiac muscle cells. The first part of the conduction system is the _____ Sinoatrial________ node– this part sets the rhythm of the heart beating and is referred to as the “pacemaker”.
5. 14. The second part of the conduction systemis called the _____ Atrioventricular_______ node; itsends impulses to the remaining parts of the conduction system and then to muscle tissue in the walls of the ventricles.
6. 15. Electrodes placed on the wall of the chest detect and measure the electrical activity of the heart and produce a graph of wavesrepresenting electrical changes (depolarization and repolarization) of the myocardium. This graph is called a(n) ______ Electrocardiogram________.

TOPIC:

Veins

7. 16. Blood flows in one direction through veins due to the presence of flap-like structurescalled _____ Valves_____.
8. 17. Veins carry blood under low pressure toward the heart. Blood can pool in superficial veins, especially those of the legs, causing them to enlarge, bulge outward, and become visible through the skin; this disease is called ____ Varicose_____ veins.
9. Deoxygenated systemic blood is received by the right side of the heart, which pumps blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide. There are 3 veins which deliver blood to the right atrium. The ____ Superior ____ ____ Vena _____ ___ Cava _____ (vessel) carries blood received from veins draining parts of the body located above the heart to the right atrium.
10. The ____ Inferior ____ ___ Vena ______ ____ Cava ____ (vessel) carries blood received from veins draining parts of the body located belowthe heart to the right atrium.
11. The ___ Coronary ______ ____ Sinus ____ is a vein located in the posterior atrioventricular sulcus; it receives blood from the cardiac veins of the heart and empties into the right atrium.

REFERENCE CITATION LIST for Part B: Include the textbook and at least 1 reliable website. Write citations in APA format. Failure to provide a Reference Citation list for Part B results in no credit for Part B (-15 points). Failure format citations properly will result in a -5 point deduction.

Reference List

Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). (2019, February 27). Retrieved February 13, 2020, from

https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/ekg/about/pac-20384983

Marieb, E. (2015). Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology. 11th ed. Pearson Publishing. (pp. 361,

363, 365, 374-376)

Myocarditis. (n.d.). Retrieved February 13, 2020, from https://www.texasheart.org/heart-health/heart

information-center/topics/myocarditis/

Tucker, W. D., & Burns, B. (2018, December 9). Anatomy, Thorax, Heart Pulmonary Arteries. Retrieved

February 13, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534812/

Last Updated on May 16, 2020