Student Exploration: Human Karyotyping Assignment
Student Exploration: Natural Selection
Vocabulary: autosome, chromosomal disorder, chromosome, genome, karyotype, sex chromosome
Prior Knowledge Question (Do this BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
A chromosome is a rod-shaped structure made of coils of DNA. Most human cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes.
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Scientists use karyotypes to study the chromosomes in a cell. A karyotype is a picture showing a cell’s chromosomes grouped together in pairs.
In the Human Karyotyping Gizmo™, you will make karyotypes for five individuals. Take a look at the SIMULATION pane. Use the arrows to click through the numbered list of chromosomes at the bottom right of the pane.
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Activity A:
Male and female karyotypes | Get the Gizmo ready: · Click Reset. |
Question:
Which chromosome did you select? ____________________________________________
When you have identified and placed all of the chromosomes, it should look similar to Figure 14-1 p.392. Click the camera () to take a snapshot of the karyotype. Paste the snapshot into the space below labeling it “Subject A.”
Examine the karyotype. Is subject A a male or female? _____________________________
How do you know? _________________________________________________________
Click the DIAGNOSIS tab to check your answer.
Examine the karyotype. Is Subject B a male or female? _____________________________
How do you know? _________________________________________________________
Click the DIAGNOSIS tab to check your answer.
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Activity B:
Chromosomal disorders | Get the Gizmo ready: · Click Reset. |
Question:
How does subject C’s karyotype differ from a normal karyotype?
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Disorder | Description | Subject | Symptoms |
Down syndrome | Extra chromosome 21 |
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Klinefelter syndrome | Extra X in male (XXY) |
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Turner syndrome | Single X in female (XO) |
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Use the table to determine which disorder subject C has. Record your diagnosis in the third column of the table, and then click on the DIAGNOSIS tab to check your answer. Summarize the information on the DIAGNOSIS tab in the fourth column of the table. Review p.401 in the textbook for more information.
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Use the above information about Edward’s syndrome and the descriptions of Down syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, and Turner syndrome in the table on the previous page to compare these four different chromosomal disorders.
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What sex would a person with trisomy X be? _______________________________
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